Showing posts with label composition. Show all posts
Showing posts with label composition. Show all posts

Saturday, 26 August 2017

How To Take Boring Photographs



The image above was my first conscious effort to take an irredeemably boring photograph. I saw the image, the mottled wall and unremarkable packing case, on my last day in a property where I had lived for over a decade. The wall stripped bare has little indications of the veneer of a life that it once presented; screw holes and rawlplugs, an old shelf's pencilled guideline. The simple packing case contained the anonymous accoutrements that had adorned the space. It struck me as a scene of mystery, a story of what is not presented, a hint, an intrigue of a life lived. I also liked the colours and the patterns. Just as the property had been stripped bare, this image is stripped of everything we normally struggle to pack into an image. There is no 'rule of thirds' at play, no leading diagonals, not much of anything in classical compositional terms - but it tells the story of departure in the strongest, simplest terms possible. And it shows us how less, can truly be so much more. It invites us not to read the image, but to explore the story.

Digital photography brings us incredible new techniques to create ever more stunning hyperreal imagery: High Dynamic Range, focus stacking, micro-contrast controls, true superzoom capabilities... the ability to see what the eye alone cannot - but technology alone cannot see, reveal, render narrative; cannot tell us stories. However proficient the camera becomes we still need the photographer for that, to understand human life. The hyperreal can become a blocker to this need to isolate and present the story. This article is an attempt to refresh our vision, to show what is possible when we strip our vision back to the bare essentials - to reveal the beauty of the mundane.

The Boring Photograph In Practice

Hallway


"It was easy to creep down the stone stairway, no worries of creaking boards alerting anyone of my presence, but it seemed such a long way down the hallway to the door, to freedom. I could see the sunlight, pressed up against the window there as a beacon of safety, of normality, but it seemed a distant glow as if the world out there could not penetrate in to this dungeon where I had awoke. I knew not what lurked behind the doors that I must pass, but they stood like sentinels awaiting prey. The hallway is so narrow; if I am caught I am trapped. How many others have fled this way? Is it safe? Is it safe?.."
I find this photograph of an ordinary (and in fact quite innocent) hallway highly evocative. There is no strong dynamic composition, nor super saturated colouration common in contemporary digital photography. There isn't even any obvious 'subject'. And yet, for me, it is a very strong image. The effect is to place the viewer into the role of subject, and it is this that makes the image immersive. By subjugating the composition, the colours, the sense of subject, the photographer is removed from the mix - the image has no meaning in and of itself (it is a boring image); it only comes alive through the act of viewing, in the moment the viewer discovers it.

Seafront

Here's a boring photograph, an actually boring image. There is no obvious point-of-interest and the colour pallet is highly subdued. In this case the rule of thirds has been followed, placing the horizon below the centreline, but it doesn't help because the image is so devoid of any detail to engage with. It isn't unpleasant but it is pretty forgettable. Perhaps it could be rescued by adding a point of interest, a ship or a bird maybe, but that takes us away from the concept of creating awesome boring images. I wanted to make the most of the vastness of the open sea. To get that point across the image has to be largely empty, but standard compositional rules just gives too much emphasis to the foreground; tries too hard to make the image interesting. To make it work, to create the right emotion, we need to squeeze out even more 'interest' by adding more 'emptiness': 



Here's another example of the suppressed foreground, the use of 'emptiness' to evoke a feeling:


The dominance of the dark brick wall is reduced by pushing it low in the frame. It still stands as a very solid barrier, but you are left wanting to see over it to the bright land beyond, to see what this 'Gale Street' is actually like. This is not a photograph of the wall, but rather of what lies beyond - it is a photograph of the unseen. 

Successful boring images emphasise what is not seen; the ships that have long since set sail or the things that lie beyond the wall. 

Number 17A


Great boring images are the very antithesis of normal photography, they supress everything we normally seek to include and balance in a photograph. They don't have to be blank & white but they are likely to include a subdued or limited colour palette. This is a key concept in making boring, as opposed to bad, images. Perhaps to get the point, we need only compare the film work of Aki Karismaki to standard Hollywood fare. The former's laconic style draws you in to immensely warming human stories, the latter almost blasts you off your seat with its circus of CGI FX. Immersive experiences arise not from high-definition surround sound extravaganza blasting you from all directions; but from the removal of clutter, the sweeping away of everything that gets in the way of the immersion.

In this image it is the contrast between the two doors sharing the same number that is enough to tell the story; the colour versus the grey; the haphazard construction versus the rigid form. There is no place for anything else in the image. It is just a photograph of two doors. Doors and windows are always ideal subjects for boring photographs. 


A boring window shot, including abandoned plant life...

Stairwell


This image has no balance in the composition; no main point of interest; no colour; no foreground and background separation; it has nothing more than a jumble of differently shaded polygons - triangles, trapeziums, pentagons and circles ranging from white to black. It is wholly chaotic. But the chaos works because so much else has been supressed. Successful boring images rely on simplicity, the removal of any extraneous concern. 'Simple' is a synonym for boring in many cases:


Hair Line


Much of the success of boring images lies in simplification, the suppression of as many concerns as possible - especially the 'point of interest', but also the colour palette, the dynamic composition etc... all to the purpose of liberating the narrative by removing the assault on the senses that prevent immersion in to the experience of the image. But there needs also to be a reason to explore, a hint or an intrigue; a 'what, why, who, where, when or how' moment. Boring images are all about portraying the unseen, largely by exclusion of some facet or other but also possibly by the closet of possible focus.

Just what is the green patch here in this last boring image, below?


Monday, 4 July 2016

Working with Dutch Angles (or how to shoot on the wonk)



Ansel Adams dedicated a lot of space in his published works to the concern of 'Image Management' - ensuring the 3-dimensional world was appropriately projected onto his 2-dimensional film plates. Of course he was working with field cameras that have an amazing range of adjustments available. 35mm film cameras (and their modern digital counterparts) are highly restricted in these terms and so we have become accustomed to, even accepting of, converging verticals as we try to fit tall buildings into the frame. In fact this limited ability to control perspective has become a virtue signalling immediacy that we read as 'truthfulness'; after all, a wonky "grab" shot could hardly have been posed, could it?

'Wonky' shots are quite popular, especially after decades of being exhorted to "keep the horizon level". From the 1920's cinematographers adopted the Dutch (or Deutsch) Angle technique, deliberately not keeping the horizon level to portray unease, tension or madness. This is a very restricted application and as such can quickly become tired.

So when shooting stills 'on the wonk' there are two dangers

  1. The image may just look messy, with the composition refusing to cohere
  2. The effect may look tired out of overuse

Both of these concerns can be avoided by understanding that shooting 'on the wonk' isn't an 'anything goes' technique; by considering the nature of the composition we can understand when, and why, the technique works.

When shooting on the wonk we are deliberately departing from the maxim "keep the horizon level"; we can approach this in one of six ways:

  1. Proxy Horizon: Some strong element other than the horizon is placed on the level
  2. Strong Vertical: Some strong element is arranged parallel to the vertical frame edges
  3. Strong Diagonal: Some strong element is arranged parallel to one of the strong diagonals of the frame
  4. Strong Free Form: Nothing is arranged exactly level or vertical, but there are elements strong enough to lead the eye
  5. Acute Free Form: Somethings are arranged nearly level or vertical or almost follow a strong diagonal
  6. Obtuse Free Form: Nothing is arranged exactly level or vertical, and there are no elements that strongly lead the image, but it somehow works all the same

Here the normally steep red-iron stairwell banister has been placed on the level as a Proxy Horizon. It is not a strong element of the image but it is enough to anchor the strong diagonals created in the rest of the image.

Here the left-hand side of the building is a Strong Vertical

Here I've added a red guideline to show the Strong Diagonal that one of the main lines in the image follows

Nothing here exactly aligns vertically or horizontal but the Shard itself is a Strong Free Form element that gives the composition direction.

Again there is nothing that exactly aligns vertically or horizontally, but the repeating pattern of windows ALMOST does. This is an Acute Free Form arrangement and it is a matter of subjective taste as to whether it works or not. To my mind the style and age of the building is sympathetic to the treatment and the slight 'off-ness' of the arrangement helps to imply an unbounded extension of the image out of frame.

Again there is nothing that exactly aligns vertically or horizontally, or even comes close. This is an Obtuse Free Form arrangement. To my mind the elements within the image suggest a spiral that focuses in on the backpacker wearily climbing the stairs. The arrangement helps to assert the narrative as he struggles up the stairs.


Looking at these examples it seems as though 'anything goes' when shooting 'on the wonk' - but I've seen enough images to know that is not the case! If you can find a Proxy or Strong arrangement then the chances are the image will have a coherent composition. The more free-form your Dutch (wonky) angles become the greater the chance the image will not cohere, unless you can manage to independently balance the image elements. In most cases though it is fairly easy to find Proxy or Strong elements, and at least by searching for those the balance of the image becomes more apparent.